Location |
USA (S Maine ?, S New Hampshire ?, SE New York, Massachusetts, Connecticut, Pennsylvania, New Jersey, Delaware, Maryland, West Virginia, Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia, Florida, Alabama, Mississippi, Louisiana, Missouri, Arkansas, S Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Ohio, Kentucky, Tennessee, E Kansas, E Oklahoma, C/E Texas)
Mexico (Campeche, Quintana Roo, San Luis Potosi, Tamaulipas, Veracruz, Yucatan)
Has been introduced to the Mariana Islands (Guam) in the Pacific Ocean (LEVER 2003): 21).
bauri: Florida; Type locality: “Florida;” restricted to “Orlando, Florida” [Orange County] by Schmidt (1953:94).
mexicana: Mexico (Tamaulipas through Veracruz)
triunguis: Mississippi; Type locality: “Louisiana and Mississippi . . . New Orleans . . . Osage River . . . and from Georgia.” Restricted to “New Orleans, Louisiana,” by Schmidt
(1953:94).
yucatana: Yucatan peninsula, Campeche.
Type locality: “Carolina |
Comment |
Terrapene carolina triunguis (AGASSIZ 1857) and Terrapene ornata ornata (AGASSIZ 1857) may hybridize in Texas (Lutterschmidt et al. 2007).
Syntypes [triunguis]: USNM 86871 (formerly MCZ 1519) (alcoholic adult female, CL 119 mm), New Orleans, Louisiana, collected by N. B. Benedict, date unknown, cataloged 6 Dec 1932 (see also Reynolds et al. 2007); USNM 86872 (formerly
MCZ 1519) (alcoholic adult female, CL 114 mm), locality, collector, and catalog date as for USNM 86871 (see Reynolds et al. 2007).
Syntypes [triunguis]: MCZ 1519, 1522–1525.
Holotype [bauri]: USNM 8352 (alcoholic adult female, CL 137 mm), collected by F. B. Meek, 1875.
Etymology: named after its occurence in the “Carolinas”, North and South Carolina.
Etymology [bauri]: The name bauri is a patronym honoring Dr. Georg Baur, “who ? rst noted the peculiarities of the type |
References |
- Abdala, V.; Manzano, A.S. & Herrel, A. 2008. The distal forelimb musculature in aquatic and terrestrial turtles: phylogeny or environmental constraints? J. Anat. 213: 159–172
- Agassiz, Louis 1857. Contributions to the Natural History of the United States of America. vol. 1. Little, Brown & Co., Boston, lii + 452 pp.
- Allen, Morrow J. 1932. A survey of the Amphibians and reptiles of Harrison County, Mississippi American Museum Novitates (542): 1-20
- Barbour, T., and L. J. Cole. 1906. Vertebrata from Yucatan. Reptilia, Amphibia and Pisces. Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. Harvard 50: 146-159
- Blaney, R. M. 1968. Hybridization of the box turtles Terrapene carolina and T. ornata in western Louisiana The Proceedings of the Louisiana Academy of Sciences 31: 54-57
- Bogert, Charles M. (Charles Mitchill); Cowles, Raymond B. (Raymond Bridgman) 1947. Moisture loss in relation to habitat selection in some Floridian reptiles. American Museum novitates (1358)
- Boulenger, G. A. 1895. On the American Box-tortoises. Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (6)15: 330-331
- Buhlmann, Kurt; Tracey Tuberville & Whit Gibbons 2008. TURTLES OF THE SOUTHEAST. University of Georgia Press, Athens, iv + 264 pp.
- Burt, Charles E. 1935. Further records of the ecology and distribution of amphibians and reptiles in the middle west American Midland Naturalist 16 (3): 311-336
- Conant, Roger 1938. The Reptiles of Ohio American Midland Naturalist 20 (1): 1-200
- Conant,R. & Collins,J.T. 1991. A Field Guide to Reptiles and Amphibians of Eastern/Central North America, 3rd ed. Houghton Mifflin (Boston/New York), xx + 450 p.
- Cook, R.P. 2004. Dispersal, home range establishment, survival, and reproduction of translocated eastern box turtles, Terrapene c. carolina. Applied Herpetology 1 (3): 197-228
- Cooke, W.W. 1910. Incubation period of box turtle eggs. Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 23: 124
- Dick, Alexander 1996. Die Carolina-Dosenschildkröte. TI Magazin (128): 43-45
- Dodd, C. Kenneth, Jr 1997. Population structure and the evolution of sexual size dimorphism and sex ratios in an insular population of Florida box turtles (Terrapene carolina bauri) Can. J. Zool. 75: 1495-1507
- Dodd, C. Kenneth, Jr;Franz, Richard;Johnson, Steve A. 1997. Shell injuries and anomalies in an insular population of Florida box turtles (Terrapene carolina bauri) Herpetological Natural History 5 (1): 66-72
- Dodd, C. Kenneth, Jr. 2001. North American Box Turtles: A Natural History. University of Oklahoma Press, Norman. [review in Reptilia 40: 86]
- Duméril, A. M.C., G. BIBRON & A. DUMÉRIL 1854. Erpétologie générale ou Histoire Naturelle complète des Reptiles. Vol. 9. Paris, XX + 440 S.
- Duméril, A.M.C., and G. Bibron. 1835. Erpétologie Générale ou Histoire Naturelle Complète des Reptiles, Vol. 2. Librairie Encyclopédique de Roret, Paris, iv + 680 p.
- Ernst, C H; McBreen J F 1991. Terrapene carolina (Linnaeus). Eastern box turtle. Catalogue of American Amphibians and Reptiles No. 512: 1-13
- Ernst,C.H. and Barbour,R.W. 1989. Turtles of the World. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington D.C. - London
- Gillette, D. D. 1974. A proposed revision of the evolutionary history of Terrapene carolina triunguis Copeia 1974 (2): 537-539
- Gray,J.E. 1864. Observations on the box tortoises, with the description of three new asiatic species. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (3) 13: 105-111
- Günther, A. C. L. G. 1885. Reptilia and Batrachia. Biologia Centrali-Américana. Taylor, & Francis, London, 326 pp. [reprint by the SSAR 1987]
- Jackson, Dale R.; Brechtel, Bob 2006. Terrapene, T. carolina, T. c. bauri, T. c. major (American Box Turtles, Eastern Box Turtle, Florida Box Turtle, Gulf Coast Box Turtle). Maximum size. Herpetological Review 37 (3): 342-343.
- Jasser-Häger, I. & Baur, M. 2004. Portrait of the Eastern Box Turtle - Terrapene carolina. Reptilia (GB) (32): 31-34
- Jasser-Häger, I., Baur, M. & Philippen, H.-D. 2003. Im Porträt: Terrapene carolina (LINNAEUS 1758). Reptilia (Münster) 8 (4): 38-41
- Jennings, A.H. 2007. Use of habitats and microenvironments by juvenile Florida Box Turtles, Terrapene carolina bauri, on Egmont Key. Herpetologica 63 (1): 1-10
- King, Richard B.; Oldham, Michael J.; Weller, Wayne F.; Wynn, Douglas. 1997. Historic and current amphibian and reptile distributions in the Island Region of Western Lake Erie. American Midland Naturalist 138(1):153-173
- Köhler, G. 2000. Reptilien und Amphibien Mittelamerikas, Bd 1: Krokodile, Schildkröten, Echsen. Herpeton Verlag, Offenbach, 158 pp.
- Leuck,B. & Carpenter,C.C. 1981. Shell variation in a population of Three-toed Box Turtles (Terrapene carolina triunguis). Journal of Herpetology 15 (1): 53-58
- Lever,C. 2003. Naturalized reptiles and amphibians of the world. Oxford University Press, 338 pp.
- Linnaeus, C. 1758. Systema naturæ per regna tria naturæ, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Tomus I. Editio decima, reformata. Laurentii Salvii, Holmiæ. 10th Edition: 824 pp.
- Löhr, B. & Wilms, T. 2003. Zur Haltung, Pflege und Vermehrung der Dreizehen-Dosenschildkröte - Terrapene carolina triunguis (AGASSIZ 1857) - bis zur F2-Generation. Draco 4 (13): 59-65
- Lönnberg, Einar 1894. Notes on reptiles and batrachians collected in Florida in 1892 and 1893 Proc. US Natl. Mus. 17 (1003): 317-339
- Love, B. 2007. Unfälle oder Gemetzel. Reptilia (Münster) 12 (6): 88-89
- Lovich, J.E. & Jaworski, T.R. 1988. Annotated checklist of Amphibians and Reptiles reported from Cedar Bog, Ohio. Ohio J. Sci. 88 (4): 139-143
- Lutterschmidt, W.I.; Escobar, S.A. & Wilson, E.D. 2007. Multivariate Analyses of Shell Morphology of Putative Hybrid Box Turtles. Southwestern Nat. 6 (4): 571-576
- McCord, W.P. & Joseph-Ouni, M. 2003. Chelonian Illustrations #11: American box turtles. Reptilia (GB) (31): 59-63
- Philippen, H.-D. 2004. Box turtles of the genus Terrapene. Reptilia (GB) (32): 12-18
- Philippen, H.-D. & Jasser-Häger, I. 2003. Die Dosenschildkröten der Gattung Terrapene. Reptilia (Münster) 8 (4): 19-24
- Reynolds, Robert P.; Steve W. Gotte, and Carl H. Ernst 2007. Catalog of Type Specimens of Recent Crocodilia and Testudines in the National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution. Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology 626: 1-49
- Shah, R. V. 1960. The mechanisms of carapacial and plastral hinges in Chelonians Breviora (130): 1-15
- Smith, H. M.;Sanders, O. 1952. Terrapene carolina major in Arkansas Herpetologica 8: 93
- Smith, Hobart M.;Leonard, Arthur B. 1934. Distributional records of reptiles and amphibians in Oklahoma. American Midland Naturalist 15: 190-196
- Stephens, P.R. & Wiens, J.J. 2009. EVOLUTION OF SEXUAL SIZE DIMORPHISMS IN EMYDID TURTLES: ECOLOGICAL DIMORPHISM, RENSCH’S RULE, AND SYMPATRIC DIVERGENCE. Evolution 63-4: 910–925
- Taylor, W.E. 1895. The box tortoises of North America. Proc. US Natl. Mus. 17 (1019): 573-588
- Thomson, Robert C.; Andrew M. Shedlock, Scott V. Edwards and H. Bradley Shaffer 2008. Developing markers for multilocus phylogenetics in non-model organisms: A test case with turtles. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 49 (2): 514-525
- Wilson, D.S. et al. 2003. Estimating age of turtles from growth rings: a critical evaluation of the technique. Herpetologica 59 (2): 178-194
- Wirth, M. & Philippen, H.D. 2009. Auf der Suche nach Gopher- und Dosenschildkröten. Draco 10 (37): 30-37
|
