Genome Property Definition Page
Accession | GenProp0204 | |
Name | KDO(2)-lipid A (Re LPS) biosynthesis and delivery | |
Type | METAPATH | |
Description | Lipid A is a component of the outer leaflet of the outer membrane of most gram-negative bacteria. It is one of three regions of bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS), along with the oligosaccharide core and the repeating O-antigen. In some strains, O-antigen may be missing and the lipid A-containing material may be designated lipooligosaccharide (LOS). Lipid A consists of a disaccharide (often beta-D-GlcN-(1-->6)-D-GlcN) with four attached acyl groups. Lipid A is attached to a 3-deoxy-D-manno-oct-2-ulosonic acid (KDO), a sugar moeity that becomes part of the LPS oligosaccharide inner core. Two of acyl groups of lipid A are then modified by further acylations into branched structures; acylation varies somewhat by species, and sometimes according to conditions within a species. The inner core typically contains at least two KDO and two heptose residues. The outer core and O-antigen regions are far more variable, and their biosynthesis is modeled in this property. LPS biosynthesis mutational studies have shown that, in a number of species, lipid A with two KDO residues but no additional residues of the inner core is the minimum required form of LPS for viability, called Re LPS or Re endotoxin. This genome property describes a set of well-conserved enzymes for biosynthesis of KDO(2)-lipid A that resembles but is not necessarily identical to the Re endotoxin of E. coli (nor as active in endotoxin assays), as well as a transporter, or flippase, responsible in most Proteobacteria for positioning lipid A in the outer membrane. | |
JCVI Role | Biosynthesis and degradation of surface polysaccharides and lipopolysaccharides | |
Parent Property | GenProp0297: lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis | |
Literature References |
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Web References | MetaCyc:lipid-A-precursor biosynthesis |
Components
Step Name | Step Num | Required | Evidence (Method) | Evidence Go Terms |
---|---|---|---|---|
Source of UDP-N-acetylglucosamine | UDPAG | NO | GenProp0750 (GENPROP): UDP-N-acetylglucosamine biosynthesis from fructose-6-phosphate | |
lipid A exporter MsbA | export | NO | TIGR02203 (HMM): lipid A export permease/ATP-binding protein MsbA | |
KDO-8 phosphate synthetase | kdsA | YES | TIGR01362 (HMM): 3-deoxy-8-phosphooctulonate synthase | |
KDO cytidylyltransferase | kdsB | NO | TIGR00466 (HMM): 3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonate cytidylyltransferase | |
KDO 8-P phosphatase | kdsC | YES | TIGR01670 (HMM): 3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonate 8-phosphate phosphatase, YrbI family | |
UDP-N-acetylglucosamine O-acyltransferase | lpxA | YES | TIGR01852 (HMM): acyl-[acyl-carrier-protein]-UDP-N-acetylglucosamine O-acyltransferase | |
lipid-A-disaccharide synthase | lpxB | YES | TIGR00215 (HMM): lipid-A-disaccharide synthase | |
UDP-3-0-acyl N-acetylglucosamine deacetylase | lpxC | YES | TIGR00325 (HMM): UDP-3-O-[3-hydroxymyristoyl] N-acetylglucosamine deacetylase | |
UDP-3-O-[3-hydroxymyristoyl] glucosamine N-acyltransferase | lpxD | YES | TIGR01853 (HMM): UDP-3-O-[3-hydroxymyristoyl] glucosamine N-acyltransferase LpxD | |
UDP-2,3-diacylglucosamine hydrolase | lpxH | YES | TIGR01854 (HMM): UDP-2,3-diacylglucosamine diphosphatase PF06230 (HMM): PF06230 family | |
tetraacyldisaccharide 4'-kinase | lpxK | YES | TIGR00682 (HMM): tetraacyldisaccharide 4'-kinase | |
add lauroyl to lipid IV-A | lpxL | YES | TIGR02207 (HMM): lipid A biosynthesis lauroyl (or palmitoleoyl) acyltransferase PF03279 (HMM): lipid A biosynthesis (KDO)2-(lauroyl)-lipid IVA acyltransferase | |
acylate lauroyl-lipid IV-A | msbB | NO | TIGR02208 (HMM): lipid A biosynthesis (KDO)2-(lauroyl)-lipid IVA acyltransferase | |
temporary_lpxH candidate | tmp_lpxH | NO | ||
transferase | waaA | YES | PF04413 (HMM): 3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonic-acid transferase |
Parent Properties
Accession | Name |
---|---|
GenProp0297 | lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis |
Sibling Properties
Accession | Name |
---|---|
GenProp0203 | LPS inner core biosynthesis, ketodeoxyoctonate and heptose type |
GenProp0925 | Leptospira core LPS elements |
GenProp0929 | LPS outer core, E. coli type |
GenProp0966 | E. coli O-antigen biosynthesis |
GenProp0994 | Leptospira interrogans-specific LPS components |
GenProp0995 | Leptospira interrogans LPS associated transketolase |